Bibliography

Adelman, H. and Astri Suhrke (2000). The path of a genocide: the Rwanda crisis from Uganda to Zaire. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers.

Australian Institute of International Affairs (2024). Legacies of the Rwandan Genocide. [online] Australian Institute of International Affairs. Available at: https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/legacies-of-the-rwandan-genocide/ [Accessed 27 May 2025].

Bellone, P. (2024). A Land of Violence, A Land of Conquest: Memory, Truth, Historical Continuity, and Imperialism in Rwanda. [online] Journal of Public and International Affairs. Available at: https://jpia.princeton.edu/news/land-violence-land-conquest-memory-truth-historical-continuity-and-imperialism-rwanda [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].

Britannica (2025). Agathe Uwilingiyimana | prime minister of Rwanda | Britannica. [online] www.britannica.com. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Agathe-Uwilingiyimana [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].

Cannon, M. (2015). Conflict and intervention - IB history course book: Oxford IB diploma program. Oxford University Press.

Costanza, K. (2014). Rwanda: 20 years later | World Vision. [online] World Vision. Available at: https://www.worldvision.org/disaster-relief-news-stories/rwanda-20-years-later [Accessed 6 Jun. 2025].

Hogg, N. (2010). Women’s participation in the Rwandan genocide: mothers or monsters? International Review of the Red Cross, [online] 92(877), pp.69–102. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/s1816383110000019.

Holocaust Memorial Day Trust (2024). Holocaust Memorial Day Trust | The International response. [online] Hmd.org.uk. Available at: https://hmd.org.uk/learn-about-the-holocaust-and-genocides/rwanda/the-international-response/ [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].

Holocaust Museum Houston (2020). Holocaust Museum Houston. [online] Hmh.org. Available at: https://hmh.org/library/research/rwandan-genocide-guide/ [Accessed 31 May 2025].

Human Rights Watch (2014). Rwanda: Justice After Genocide—20 Years On. [online] Human Rights Watch. Available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/03/28/rwanda-justice-after-genocide-20-years [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].

Mamdani, M. (2001). When Victims become Killers: colonialism, nativism, and the genocide in Rwanda. Princeton University Press.

McKenna, A. (2025). Gacaca court | Establishment, Outcome, Function, & Rwanda. [online] Encyclopedia Britannica. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/gacaca-court [Accessed 3 Jun. 2025].

Minority Rights Group (2020). Twa in Rwanda. [online] Minority Rights Group. Available at: https://minorityrights.org/communities/twa-2/ [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].

Prunier, G. (1999). The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide. 2nd ed. Fountain Publishers Limited.

Roy, J. and Noël Zihabamwe (2017). One thousand hills. Toronto: Scholastic Canada Ltd.

Rumeau, N. and Wolpe, H. (2004). The International Response to the Rwandan Genocide – a Failure of Humanity | Wilson Center. [online] www.wilsoncenter.org. Available at: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/the-international-response-to-the-rwandan-genocide-failure-humanity [Accessed 27 May 2025].

Schenk-Day, A.M. (2024). Rwandan genocide, 30 years on: Omitting women’s memories encourages incomplete understanding of violence. [online] The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/rwandan-genocide-30-years-on-omitting-womens-memories-encourages-incomplete-understanding-of-violence-224630 [Accessed 27 May 2025].

Shyaka, Dr.A. (2004). The Rwandan Conflict: Origin, Development, Exit Strategies. [online] University of Texas Libraries. Available at: https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/8f5561a2-c08c-4bb4-9a94-e1838eb14baa/content [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].

Straus, S. (2019). The Order of Genocide: Race, Power, and War in Rwanda. Cornell University Press.

Ted-ED (2023). What caused the Rwandan Genocide? - Susanne Buckley-Zistel. [online] www.youtube.com. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF7EbUGlaOU [Accessed 25 May 2025].

Texas Scholar Works (1994). UNICTR RTLM Tape 340. [online] University of Texas Libraries. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/7447 [Accessed 7 Jun. 2025].

The Guardian (2024). ‘We do not call ourselves Tutsi or Hutu’: the new Rwandans, three decades after the genocide – in pictures. The Guardian. [online] 16 Apr. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/gallery/2024/apr/16/we-do-not-call-ourselves-tutsi-or-hutu-the-new-rwandans-three-decades-after-the-genocide-in-pictures [Accessed 3 Jun. 2025].

United Nations (2025). Rwanda: A Brief History of the Country. [online] Outreach Programme on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda and the United Nations. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/historical-background.shtml [Accessed 2 Jun. 2025].

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (2021). The Rwanda Genocide. [online] encyclopedia.ushmm.org. Available at: https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-rwanda-genocide [Accessed 27 May 2025].

University of Minnesota (2025). Rwanda. [online] College of Liberal Arts | University of Minnesota. Available at: https://cla.umn.edu/chgs/holocaust-genocide-education/resource-guides/rwanda [Accessed 1 Jun. 2025].